Kodi mukudziwa magwiridwe antchito a labotale yoyera?
Ma laboratories apadera amatanthauzidwa ngati ma laboratories omwe ali ndi zofunikira zenizeni za chilengedwe (monga kutentha kosalekeza, chinyezi chokhazikika, ukhondo, kusabala, anti vibration, anti radiation, anti electromagnetic interference, etc.) kapena molondola, zazikulu, zida zapadera zoyesera (monga microscope ya elekitironi, kusanja bwino kwambiri, spectrometer, etc.).Ambiri mwa ma laboratorieswa amafunika kupanga makina oyeretsera mpweya.Ndi chitukuko chofulumira cha sayansi ndi luso lamakono komanso kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu za dziko lonse, chiwerengero cha ma laboratories oyeretsa m'mayunivesite ndi mabungwe ofufuza chawonjezeka chaka ndi chaka.
Kuwunika kotsatiraku kumapangidwa pa magwiridwe antchito a labotale yoyera:
Makhalidwe a labotale oyera
1.1.Kusankha malo aukhondo a labotale ndi chilengedwe
Pankhani yosankha malo, labotale yoyera iyenera kutsata zofunikira zaukhondo.Ayenera kusankha madera ndi zigawo ndi otsika fumbi ndende mu mlengalenga ndi zabwino chilengedwe chilengedwe, ndi malo kutali ndi wagwa masamba ndi mpweya fungo (monga mtsinje, kuzungulira canteen, dera mphamvu, etc.), ndi kuyesa kupewa madera kusokonezedwa ndi kugwedezeka. kapena phokoso.
Posankha malo, malo ndi malo ozungulira labotale, ndikofunikira kusanthula ndi kuyeza ndi kugwedezeka kwachilengedwe kovomerezeka kwa zida zolondola, zida zolondola, mita, ndi zina zambiri.
1.2.Miyezo yotsekera khoma la labotale yoyera
Nthawi zambiri, magwero oipitsa ma laboratories oyera amakhala makamaka fumbi, mabakiteriya, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono m'mlengalenga, komanso m'badwo wa fumbi wa ogwira ntchito za labotale, zida zoyesera ndi kupanga fumbi poyeserera.Choncho, ubwino wa ma envelopu yomangira ndi njira zomangira ndizofunikira kwambiri kusunga ndi kupititsa patsogolo mulingo wa labotale yoyera.
Zotchingira zotchingira za labotale yoyera, monga zitseko ndi mazenera, matabwa, matabwa, zosefera zowoneka bwino kwambiri, zida zamagetsi ndi nyale ziyenera kuganizira mozama zofunika pakusunga bwino kutentha, kutchinjiriza kutentha, kupewa moto, kusakwanira chinyezi ndi kutentha. ntchito yosindikiza, kuti asapange fumbi, osang'ambika, osapsa, osamva chinyezi, zolumikizira mbale zotsuka ndi zomata, zolumikizira zowongoka ndi mipata yaying'ono.Nthaka imayesetsa kuti ikhale yosagwira ntchito, yosagwira ntchito, yosagonjetsedwa ndi moto komanso yosasunthika, yomwe siili yophweka kupanga magetsi osasunthika komanso pamwamba pake sikophweka kumamatira ku fumbi.
1.3.Mapangidwe athunthu a labotale yoyera
Pakupanga ndege ndi malo a labotale yoyera, malo oyesera oyera ndi kuyeretsa antchito, zida ndi kuyeretsa zinthu ndi zipinda zina zothandizira ziyenera kukonzedwa m'magawo.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kugwirizanitsa kwakukulu kwa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zaumisiri monga ntchito yoyesera, kuyika ndi kukonza zipangizo zamakono, mtundu wogawa mpweya, masanjidwe a mapaipi ndi makina oyeretsera mpweya oyeretsedwa.
Kwa masanjidwe a zida zaukadaulo zosiyanasiyana (monga potengera mpweya, chounikira, cholumikizira mpweya, mapaipi osiyanasiyana, ndi zina zambiri) mu labotale, zofunikira zoyeretsera mpweya ziyenera kuganiziridwa poyamba.
Kuyang'ana kwa ukhondo wa mpweya wa chipinda choyera kudzatengera kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono toyesedwa pansi pamikhalidwe yamphamvu.Pakuwerengera fumbi lalikulu kuposa kapena lofanana ndi ma microns 5 mchipinda choyera chokhala ndi ukhondo wa mpweya wa kalasi 5, zitsanzo zingapo ziyenera kutengedwa.Zikachitika nthawi zambiri, zitha kuganiziridwa kuti mtengo woyeserera ndi wodalirika.
Pozindikira mulingo waukhondo wa mpweya wa labotale yoyera, choyamba tiyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zili zoyeserera ndi zida zoyesera ndi zida zaukhondo wa mpweya, kenako ndikuwunikanso mozama zomwe zimafunikira pamlingo woyeretsedwa wagawo lililonse loyesera molingana ndi masitepe oyeserera komanso masanjidwe a pulogalamu yoyesera, kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zoyeretsa ndikupulumutsa ndalama.
1.4.Air kuyeretsedwa ndi dongosolo dongosolo la labotale woyera
Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kulamulira kalasi 5 ndi 6 madera oyera ndi 20 ℃ ~ 24 ℃, ndi chinyezi wachibale ndi 45% ~ 65%;Kutentha kwa Grade 7 ndi pamwamba pa malo oyera ndi 18 ℃ - 28 ℃, ndi chinyezi cha 50% - 65%.Ngati palibe zofunikira zapadera za kutentha ndi chinyezi m'chipinda choyera, kutentha kuyenera kuyendetsedwa pa 18 ℃ ~ 26 ℃, ndipo chinyezi chiyenera kuyendetsedwa pa 45% - 65%.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuthamanga kwa mpweya, voliyumu ya mpweya ndi mpweya wabwino wa mpweya udzakwaniritsa zofunikira za ma laboratory ndi ogwira ntchito m'chipinda choyeretsera.Chifukwa labotale yoyeretsera ndi malo otsekeka odziyimira pawokha, ndikusunga kutentha, chinyezi ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya, njira ziyenera kutengedwa kuti zilipire kuchuluka kwa mpweya wabwino wofunikira pakutulutsa m'nyumba ndikusunga kupanikizika kwamkati (kapena kupanikizika koyipa).
Ndi kuwongolera kosalekeza kwa zofunikira zaukhondo, zosefera zapamwamba kwambiri zimafunikiranso, kotero gawo loyendetsa mpweya limayenera kukhala ndi luso loyambira, magwiridwe antchito apakatikati ndi makina ojambulira apamwamba kwambiri, kuti mphamvu ya unityo ikhale yolimba. apamwamba, ndipo mutu wopondereza wa chowuzira mpweya wagawo loyendetsa mpweya udzakhala wokulirapo.Kwa labotale yoyeretsera kwachilengedwe, zomwe zili ndi mabakiteriya ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zowongolera, ndipo fyulutayo iyenera kuwonjezeredwa munjira yoyeretsera mpweya, Sizingatheke kusefa fumbi mumlengalenga, komanso kuletsa kufalikira ndi kufalikira. kufalikira kwa mabakiteriya ndi ma virus mu makina owongolera mpweya, makamaka fyuluta yochita bwino kwambiri.Kugwira bwino kwa ma virus oyandama ndi mabakiteriya mumlengalenga kumatha kufika 100%.Itha kugwiritsanso ntchito zosefera zomwe zingalepheretse kuswana kwa mabakiteriya osefera.Mwachitsanzo, zosefera zomwe zimakhala ndi antibacterial agent intecept ndi titanium dioxide zosefera ziyenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-19-2022